Nutrition in Plant
Components of Food :- carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. And these components of food known as Nutrients.
Nutrition :- Nutrition is the mode of taking food by an organism and its utilisation of the body.
Autotrophs :- Organism that make food themselves known as Autotrophic.
For example :- Plants are known as Autotrophs.
Heterotrophic :- Animals and most other organisms take food in prepared by plants . They called heterotrophs.
Note :- Green plants synthesise food for themselves by the process of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis :-
- Food making process in Plants
- Food factories of plant :- leaves
- Carbon dioxide present in air is taken through tiny pores present on the surface of leaves . These tiny pores known as Stomata which is surrounded by Guard Cell.
- Leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll . It helps leaves to capture the energy of the sunlight.This energy is used to synthesise (prepare) food from carbon dioxide and water.
- Since the synthesis of food occurs in the presence of sunlight, it is called
- Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms.
- Besides leaves, Photosynthesis also take place in other green part of plants for example in Green stem and Green branch such as in desert plant , Green Stems perform Photosynthesis.
Note :- Plant can not absorb nitrogen present in atmosphere in gaseous form .Some bacteria (Rhizobium) convert nitrogen and release it into soil .
Note :- Some plants Don’t have Chlorophyll. They use Heterotrophic mode of nutrition. For example :– Cuscuta(known as parasite), Venus fly trap etc .
Parasite :- They take food from host plant by climbing on them
Saprotrophic :- Take nutrition from dead and decaying matter.
For example:- Fungi(mashroom)
Algae :- Green patches on ponds and stagnant water formed by the growth of organism called Algae.
Algae Prepared food for fungi and Fungus provide shelter, Water and minerals for Algae.
Lichen = Algae+Fungus (Lichen is the indicator of Sulphur dioxide)
Symbiosis:- Some organisms live together and share both shelter and nutrients. This relationship is called symbiosis. Rhizobium Bacteria lives in root of gram ,peas, beans and provide nitrogen to them , In return plant Provide shelter. Chlorophyll, Water , carbon dioxide, sunlight are essential for Photosynthesis
Carbohydrates are product of Photosynthesis made up of :- Carbon , Hydrogen and Oxygen
Warburg Effect :- Increase of rate of Oxygen tends to decrease of Rate of Photosynthesis.
Cell :- Cell is the fundamental structural unit of living organisms. It is enclosed by the thin outer boundary called the Cell Membrane Most cell have a distinct, centrally located spherical structure called Nucleus. Nucleus is surrounded by jelly like substance known as Cytoplasm.
Protein :- Nitrogenous Substance
Insectivorous Plant :- Insect eating plant known as insectivorous plant
example :- Pitcher